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Lake Copais
Lake Copais, Kopais, or Kopaida (; ) is a former lake in the centre of Boeotia, Greece, west of Thebes. It was drained in the late 19th century. The area where it was located, though now a plain, is still known as Kopaida.
==Drainage==
When the lake existed, the towns of Aliartos (ancient ''Haliartus''), Orchomenus, and Chaeronea were on its shores. Rivers feeding the lake included the Cephissus, Termessus and Triton. The lake was (and is) surrounded by fertile land, but the lake increasingly encroached on the surrounding land because of inadequate drainage. In response to this, in 1867–87 Scots and French engineers reclaimed the land for the British Lake Copais Company, by building channels to drain water from the lake to the Cephissus and from there to Lake Yliki (Ylíki Limní, ancient Hylica). In total about were reclaimed. This land was returned to the Greek government in 1952.〔 ("Buildings of the Installations of Copais Company" ), Hellenic Ministry of Culture, accessed 12/2011; ("Mycenaean Gla" ), accessed 12/2011.〕
The Kopais Lake Agency was created in 1957 to supervise the draining of the lake and building of a new road. The task was completed that same year, but the agency with full-time staff of 30 (including a driver for the president of the agency) still existed until 2010.
Before this the lake drained into the sea by numerous subterranean channels. Some of these channels were artificial, as the 1st century geographer Strabo recorded.〔Strabo 9.2.18.〕 Modern excavation has found enormous channels dug in the 14th century BCE which drained water into the sea to the northeast;〔 ("Buildings of the Installations of Copais Company" ), Hellenic Ministry of Culture, accessed 12/2011; ("Technology in Ancient Greece" ), accessed 12/2011.〕 Strabo mentions work being done on these channels by an engineer named Crates of Chalcis in the time of Alexander the Great.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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